1. Lipids
a) Name, sketch and label the three main types of lipids found in our bodies.
b) Describe (briefly) what your body uses each type for.
c) Cholesterol is the starting molecule for what 3 other molecules important to life
2. Fatty acids along with the glycerol molecule are the building blocks of two kinds of lipids, and they can be saturated or unsaturated.
a) Use a simple labeled sketch to describe the difference in the structure of a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid.
b) Which one is liquid at room temperature Which one is better for your health
c) What is the difference between a monounsaturated and a polyunsaturated fatty acid
d) name an oil that is primarily monounsaturated, is generally associated with better heart health, and is an important component of the ‘Mediterranean diet’.
3. Essential fatty acids
a) What is the physical difference between an omega- 3 fatty acid and an omega -6 fatty acid?
b) What are the names of the three omega – 3 fatty acids that we are most interested in from a nutritional standpoint?
c) What is their significance to our health What do they do for us
d) What are the names of the two omega 6 fatty acids that we are most interested in from a nutritional standpoint
e) What is their significance to our health What do they do for us
f) What are food sources of omega 3s_ and omega 6s
4. Fats are transported through our bodies packaged as lipoproteins.
a) Sketch and label a lipoprotein. Include its three main components phospholipids, protein and fats/fatty acids .
b) Fill in the table below with the formation and roles of the main lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL and HDL) that your body makes and uses to deliver lipids throughout your body. Use the diagrams in the powerpoint lecture if that helps
Liopoprotein Where formed Role or job
chylomicrons
VLDL
LDL
HDL
5. LDL is termed ‘bad’ cholesterol and HDL the ‘good’ cholesterol. Why is that
6. How do high levels of LDL cholesterol contribute to heart disease
7. What are acceptable blood levels of total cholesterol and LDL
8. How can our bodies get rid of excess cholesterol think bile
9. How much cholesterol do we need to What is the DV for cholesterol
10. What types of foods contain cholesterol
11. What fraction of our kilocalorie intake should come from total fat, saturated fat and trans fat
12. Diet is obviously a very important factor in helping to prevent or control both diabetes and heart disease. Exercise is also hugely important for both of these diseases. Part of what exercise can do is reduce excess body fat, which is a risk factor for both diseases, however, exercise can also have a direct positive effect on what cause of diabetes and what cause of heart disease Two answers
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