ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. Climate Change
3.1 NATURAL CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
3.2 HUMAN or ANTHROPOGENIC CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
4. Climate Change and the Oil and Gas Industry
5. The Roles Oil and Gas Industry Combating CO2 Emission
5.1 Production of Liquefied Natural Gas
5.2 Carbon Capture and Storage
5.3 CO2 – ENHANCED RECOVERY
5.4 Renewable Energy Investment
5.5 Energy Efficiency
6. CASE STUDIES
6.1 ExxonMobil Strategies in Combating CO2 Emissions
6.2 The Royal Dutch Shell strategies in combating CO2 Emission
7. THE CHALLENGES OIL AND GAS COMPANIES ENCOUNTER IN REDUCING OF CO2 EMISSIONS
7.1 ECONOMIC CHALLENGE
7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGE
7.3 POLITICAL CHALLENGE
7.4 INAPPROPRIATE ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND POLICY: MAJOR BARRIER TO THE SUCCESS OF CO2 EMISSION
8. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
ACKNOLEDGEMENTS
References