There are significant physical and developmental differences between infants and children, adolescents, adults and the aging adult. When compared to adulthood, the time of infancy, childhood, adolescence, and elderly are times of great growth and development (Desevo,2015).Traditionally, a physical assessment begins with subjective and objective data. For the adult patient observation and asking questions of the patient fulfills this part of the assessment. In pediatric patients, the parent or caregiver is often the historian for infants, toddlers and some preschoolers who are still afraid of strangers. Children are developing – physically, emotionally and psychologically – illness impacts them differently to adults. The forms in development of young children result in changes that can be mistaken as pathology. Patterns of pathology are different in children (compared to adults) and at different ages within childhood (e.g., causes of limp). Adolescents appear to be at greater risk of musculoskeletal injury during periods of rapid growth in early puberty. Communication with children takes patience and skill – the parent/caregivers often provide the history but it is still important to engage with and include the child (as appropriate to age). Assessment is an important part of the nurse’s role. Getting an accurate assessment can enable you to plan the care the child patient needs in his or her recovery. However, some differences exist between examination techniques and considerations for a child and an adult. You should be aware of these so that the examination is as nonthreatening as possible for the child. Making friends with the child and taking the time to allow the child to “play” as the examination is performed will make a big difference in how the child perceives the procedure and the ease with which it is performed.
References
Desevo., M. (2015).Pediatric Nursing. F.A. Davis Company.
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