Purnell model contains rings that explain the development of cultural awareness and how it expands. It outlines the elements that impact an individual’s culture. This model is utilized as a model for teaching intercultural competence in different professions. Even though this model was initially developed to be applied to nursing students, it can be used by other professions such as teaching and management among others (Mardis & Oberg, 2019). It uses various ideas and concepts on individuals, cultures, healthcare professionals, and healthcare. With this model, it makes it possible to create and evaluate cultural competence. The cultural characteristics may be based on factors such as religion, race, sexual orientation, physical characteristics, and gender, among others.
The Purnell model contains twelve cultural domains. The first domain is the overview/heritage. It describes concepts that are related to a country of origin, politics, economics, and occupation, among others. Second domain is communication. This involves the concepts that are linked to languages and dialects